/* =========================================================
   insights.vikramgrover.com
   Editorial system — Midnight ink, paper cream, antique brass
   ========================================================= */

:root {
  --ink: #0F1419;
  --midnight: #0E1524;
  --midnight-2: #142033;
  --paper: #F5F1E8;
  --paper-2: #EDE6D2;
  --paper-3: #E4DCC2;
  --brass: #B08D57;
  --brass-dark: #8B6B3E;
  --brass-light: #D4B57F;
  --graphite: #4A5568;
  --graphite-2: #6B7280;
  --rule: #D4CBB2;
  --rule-dark: #22304A;
  --focus: #B08D57;

  --display: "Fraunces", "Source Serif Pro", Georgia, serif;
  --body: "Newsreader", "Iowan Old Style", Georgia, serif;
  --ui: "IBM Plex Sans", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --mono: "IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace;

  --measure: 68ch;
  --gutter: clamp(1.25rem, 4vw, 2.5rem);
  --page-max: 1240px;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }
body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--body);
  font-size: 1.075rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-optical-sizing: auto;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

img, svg { max-width: 100%; display: block; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--brass); text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
a:hover { text-decoration-color: var(--ink); }
a:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--focus); outline-offset: 3px; border-radius: 2px; }

::selection { background: var(--brass); color: var(--paper); }

/* =========================================================
   TOPBAR — back-link ribbon above masthead
   ========================================================= */
.topbar {
  background: #080D18;
  color: var(--paper);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.05);
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.topbar-inner {
  max-width: var(--page-max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0.5rem var(--gutter);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
}
.topbar a {
  color: var(--paper);
  text-decoration: none;
  opacity: 0.7;
  transition: opacity 0.15s, color 0.15s;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
}
.topbar a:hover { opacity: 1; color: var(--brass-light); }
.topbar a .arrow { color: var(--brass); opacity: 0.9; }
.topbar-meta { opacity: 0.55; font-size: 0.72rem; }
@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .topbar-meta { display: none; }
}

/* =========================================================
   TOP MASTHEAD — dark editorial ribbon
   ========================================================= */
.masthead {
  background: var(--midnight);
  color: var(--paper);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
}
.masthead-inner {
  max-width: var(--page-max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0.75rem var(--gutter);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1.5rem;
}
.brand {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--paper);
  text-decoration: none;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}
.brand-mark {
  width: 26px; height: 26px;
  display: inline-block;
  border: 1px solid var(--brass);
  color: var(--brass);
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}
.brand em {
  font-style: normal;
  color: var(--brass-light);
  font-weight: 400;
}
.nav {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1.75rem;
  align-items: center;
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.nav a {
  color: var(--paper);
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 0.25rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: border-color 0.15s;
}
.nav a:hover, .nav a[aria-current="page"] {
  border-bottom-color: var(--brass);
}
.nav-cta {
  background: var(--brass);
  color: var(--midnight) !important;
  padding: 0.45rem 0.95rem !important;
  border: none !important;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.nav-cta:hover { background: var(--brass-light); }

.nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  background: none;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
  color: var(--paper);
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  padding: 0.4rem 0.7rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .nav { display: none; position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 0; right: 0; flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; gap: 0; background: var(--midnight); padding: 0.5rem var(--gutter) 1rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-dark); z-index: 40; }
  .nav.open { display: flex; }
  .nav a { padding: 0.75rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-dark) !important; }
  .nav-cta { margin-top: 0.5rem; text-align: center; }
  .nav-toggle { display: inline-block; }
  .masthead { position: relative; }
}

/* =========================================================
   PAGE LAYOUT
   ========================================================= */
.container {
  max-width: var(--page-max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 var(--gutter);
}
main { min-height: 60vh; }

/* =========================================================
   HERO — signature block for home
   ========================================================= */
.hero {
  padding: clamp(3rem, 8vw, 6.5rem) 0 clamp(2rem, 5vw, 4rem);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.hero-eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--brass-dark);
  margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.hero-eyebrow::before {
  content: "";
  display: inline-block;
  width: 30px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--brass);
  vertical-align: middle;
  margin-right: 0.75rem;
}
.hero h1 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 6vw, 4.5rem);
  line-height: 1.05;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem;
  max-width: 18ch;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144;
}
.hero h1 em {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--brass-dark);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "SOFT" 100;
}
.hero-lede {
  font-family: var(--body);
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 2vw, 1.3rem);
  line-height: 1.55;
  max-width: 52ch;
  margin: 0 0 2rem;
  color: var(--graphite);
}
.hero-meta {
  display: flex;
  gap: 2rem;
  align-items: center;
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--graphite);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.hero-meta strong { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 500; }

/* =========================================================
   PIECE CARDS — POV grid
   ========================================================= */
.section-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 3rem 0 1.75rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  margin-bottom: 0;
  gap: 1rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.section-head h2 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.5vw, 1.65rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin: 0;
}
.section-head .kicker {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--graphite-2);
}

.pieces {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}
.piece {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 90px 1fr auto;
  gap: 2rem;
  padding: 2.25rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  align-items: baseline;
}
.piece-no {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  color: var(--brass-dark);
  font-weight: 500;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding-top: 0.4rem;
}
.piece-no span {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: 2rem;
  font-weight: 300;
  color: var(--ink);
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin-top: 0.25rem;
  line-height: 1;
}
.piece-body h3 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.3vw, 1.7rem);
  line-height: 1.2;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  margin: 0 0 0.6rem;
}
.piece-body h3 a {
  text-decoration: none;
  background-image: linear-gradient(var(--brass), var(--brass));
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-position: 0 100%;
  background-size: 0 1px;
  transition: background-size 0.35s ease;
}
.piece-body h3 a:hover {
  background-size: 100% 1px;
}
.piece-body p {
  margin: 0 0 0.9rem;
  color: var(--graphite);
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  max-width: 62ch;
}
.piece-meta {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
  align-items: center;
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  color: var(--graphite-2);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.piece-meta .cat {
  color: var(--brass-dark);
  font-weight: 500;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
}
.piece-read {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--graphite-2);
  white-space: nowrap;
  padding-top: 0.4rem;
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .piece { grid-template-columns: 60px 1fr; gap: 1.25rem; }
  .piece-read { grid-column: 2; padding-top: 0; margin-top: 0.5rem; }
  .piece-no span { font-size: 1.5rem; }
}

/* =========================================================
   FEATURED / FOLIO CARD (large lead)
   ========================================================= */
.folio {
  padding: 3rem 0 3.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 3rem;
  align-items: center;
}
.folio-eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--brass-dark);
  margin: 0 0 1rem;
}
.folio h2 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3.5vw, 2.75rem);
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144;
}
.folio h2 a { text-decoration: none; }
.folio h2 a:hover { color: var(--brass-dark); }
.folio-dek {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--graphite);
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem;
  max-width: 50ch;
}
.folio-meta {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--graphite-2);
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.folio-visual {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  background: var(--midnight);
  color: var(--paper);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
}
.folio-visual::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(rgba(176,141,87,0.08) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(176,141,87,0.08) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 32px 32px;
}
.folio-visual-inner {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  padding: 2rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
}
.folio-visual .pno {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: clamp(4rem, 10vw, 7rem);
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1;
  color: var(--brass);
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
}
.folio-visual .plabel {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.25em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--brass-light);
  align-self: flex-end;
}

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .folio { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
  .folio-visual { order: -1; aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; }
}

/* =========================================================
   ARTICLE / POV PAGE
   ========================================================= */
.article-header {
  padding: clamp(2.5rem, 6vw, 5rem) 0 clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.article-crumb {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--graphite-2);
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.article-crumb a { text-decoration: none; color: var(--graphite); }
.article-crumb a:hover { color: var(--brass-dark); }
.article-crumb .sep { color: var(--rule); }

.piece-marker {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.25em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--brass-dark);
  font-weight: 500;
  margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
}
.piece-marker::before, .piece-marker::after {
  content: "";
  flex: 0 0 40px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--brass);
}
.piece-marker::after { flex: 1; max-width: 200px; }

.article-header h1 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 5vw, 3.75rem);
  line-height: 1.08;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
  max-width: 22ch;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144;
}
.article-dek {
  font-family: var(--body);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 2vw, 1.4rem);
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--graphite);
  max-width: 55ch;
  margin: 0 0 2rem;
}
.article-byline {
  display: flex;
  gap: 2rem;
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--graphite);
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  padding-top: 1.5rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.article-byline strong { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 500; }

/* Article layout: sidebar TOC + body */
.article-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 3rem;
  padding: 3rem 0 4rem;
}
@media (min-width: 1080px) {
  .article-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 220px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 4rem;
  }
}

.toc {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  position: sticky;
  top: 2rem;
  align-self: start;
  max-height: calc(100vh - 4rem);
  overflow-y: auto;
}
.toc-label {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.25em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--brass-dark);
  margin: 0 0 1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.toc ol {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.toc li { margin: 0; }
.toc a {
  display: block;
  padding: 0.4rem 0 0.4rem 1rem;
  color: var(--graphite);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-left: 2px solid transparent;
  margin-left: -1px;
  transition: color 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
}
.toc a:hover { color: var(--ink); }
.toc a.active {
  color: var(--ink);
  border-left-color: var(--brass);
  font-weight: 500;
}
@media (max-width: 1079px) {
  .toc { display: none; }
}

/* In brief callout */
.in-brief {
  background: var(--paper-2);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--brass);
  padding: 1.5rem 1.75rem;
  margin: 0 0 3rem;
  max-width: var(--measure);
}
.in-brief-label {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.25em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--brass-dark);
  font-weight: 500;
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
}
.in-brief ul {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 1.1rem;
  list-style: none;
}
.in-brief li {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 0;
  margin: 0 0 0.6rem;
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.in-brief li::before {
  content: "—";
  position: absolute;
  left: -1.1rem;
  color: var(--brass);
}
.in-brief li:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

/* Prose */
.prose {
  max-width: var(--measure);
  font-size: 1.075rem;
  line-height: 1.72;
}
.prose > * + * { margin-top: 1.1em; }
.prose h2 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.8vw, 1.9rem);
  line-height: 1.2;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  margin: 3rem 0 1.25rem;
  padding-top: 2.5rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  scroll-margin-top: 2rem;
}
.prose h2:first-child { padding-top: 0; border-top: none; margin-top: 0; }
.prose h3 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin: 2.25rem 0 0.75rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  scroll-margin-top: 2rem;
}
.prose h4 {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--brass-dark);
  margin: 1.75rem 0 0.5rem;
}
.prose p { margin: 0 0 1.1em; }
.prose ul, .prose ol { margin: 0 0 1.25em; padding-left: 1.5rem; }
.prose li { margin-bottom: 0.35em; }
.prose ul li::marker { color: var(--brass); }
.prose ol li::marker { color: var(--brass-dark); font-family: var(--ui); font-weight: 500; }

.prose blockquote {
  border-left: 3px solid var(--brass);
  margin: 2rem 0;
  padding: 0.25rem 0 0.25rem 1.5rem;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--ink);
  max-width: 55ch;
}
.prose blockquote p { margin: 0; }

.prose a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--brass);
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}
.prose a:hover { text-decoration-color: var(--ink); }

.prose strong { font-weight: 600; color: var(--ink); }
.prose em { font-style: italic; }

/* Tables inside prose */
.prose table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  margin: 2rem 0;
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.prose table thead th {
  text-align: left;
  padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
  background: var(--midnight);
  color: var(--paper);
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--midnight-2);
}
.prose table tbody td {
  padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  vertical-align: top;
}
.prose table tbody tr:nth-child(even) td {
  background: rgba(176,141,87,0.05);
}
.prose table tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: none; }

/* Pull quote lead paragraph */
.prose > p:first-of-type::first-letter {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 3.75rem;
  line-height: 0.85;
  float: left;
  padding: 0.35rem 0.65rem 0 0;
  color: var(--brass-dark);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144;
}

/* Callout for the recurring "The more consequential question is" style */
.prose .callout {
  background: var(--paper-2);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--brass);
  padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
  margin: 1.75rem 0;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.prose .callout p { margin: 0; }

/* Article footer */
.article-footer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding: 3rem 0;
  max-width: var(--measure);
}
.about-box {
  background: var(--midnight);
  color: var(--paper);
  padding: 2rem 2.25rem;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--brass);
}
.about-box h3 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
  color: var(--paper);
}
.about-box p {
  font-family: var(--body);
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--paper);
  margin: 0 0 0.9rem;
  opacity: 0.9;
}
.about-box .links {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  display: flex;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-top: 1rem;
}
.about-box .links a {
  color: var(--brass-light);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(212,181,127,0.3);
  padding-bottom: 2px;
}
.about-box .links a:hover { color: var(--paper); border-bottom-color: var(--brass); }

.share {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
  align-items: center;
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--graphite);
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}
.share strong { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 500; margin-right: 0.5rem; }
.share a {
  color: var(--graphite);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding-bottom: 2px;
}
.share a:hover { color: var(--brass-dark); border-bottom-color: var(--brass); }

/* Related */
.related {
  padding: 3rem 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.related-label {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.25em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--brass-dark);
  font-weight: 500;
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem;
}
.related-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(260px, 1fr));
  gap: 2rem;
}
.related-item h4 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
}
.related-item h4 a { text-decoration: none; }
.related-item h4 a:hover { color: var(--brass-dark); }
.related-item p {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--graphite);
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* Subscribe strip */
.subscribe-strip {
  background: var(--midnight);
  color: var(--paper);
  padding: 3.5rem 0;
  margin-top: 4rem;
}
.subscribe-strip .container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 3rem;
  align-items: center;
}
.subscribe-strip h2 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3vw, 2.5rem);
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: 0 0 1rem;
  color: var(--paper);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144;
}
.subscribe-strip p {
  font-family: var(--body);
  color: var(--paper);
  opacity: 0.85;
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 42ch;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.subscribe-form {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.subscribe-form input {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 240px;
  padding: 0.95rem 1rem;
  background: transparent;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
  color: var(--paper);
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.subscribe-form input::placeholder { color: var(--graphite-2); }
.subscribe-form input:focus {
  outline: none;
  border-color: var(--brass);
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.03);
}
.subscribe-form button {
  padding: 0.95rem 1.5rem;
  background: var(--brass);
  color: var(--midnight);
  border: none;
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  cursor: pointer;
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition: background 0.15s;
}
.subscribe-form button:hover { background: var(--brass-light); }
.subscribe-note {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--graphite-2);
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
}

@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .subscribe-strip .container { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1.5rem; }
}

/* =========================================================
   ABOUT PAGE
   ========================================================= */
.about-header {
  padding: clamp(3rem, 7vw, 5rem) 0 3rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.about-header h1 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 4rem);
  line-height: 1.05;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: 0.5rem 0 1.5rem;
  max-width: 18ch;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144;
}
.about-header .lede {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  max-width: 55ch;
  color: var(--graphite);
  margin: 0;
}
.about-body {
  padding: 3rem 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 3rem;
}
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .about-body { grid-template-columns: 1fr 320px; gap: 4rem; }
}
.about-body .prose { max-width: var(--measure); }
.about-side {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.about-side .card {
  background: var(--paper-2);
  padding: 1.5rem 1.75rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--brass);
}
.about-side h3 {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.25em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--brass-dark);
  font-weight: 500;
  margin: 0 0 0.9rem;
}
.about-side ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.about-side li { margin-bottom: 0.6rem; color: var(--graphite); }
.about-side a { text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--brass); padding-bottom: 1px; }
.about-side a:hover { color: var(--brass-dark); }

/* =========================================================
   INSIGHTS INDEX
   ========================================================= */
.index-header {
  padding: clamp(2.5rem, 6vw, 4rem) 0 2rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.index-header h1 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 4.5vw, 3.5rem);
  line-height: 1.05;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: 0.5rem 0 1rem;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144;
}
.index-header p {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--graphite);
  max-width: 55ch;
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.filter-bar {
  padding: 1.5rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.filter-bar button {
  background: none;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding: 0.45rem 0.95rem;
  color: var(--graphite);
  cursor: pointer;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  border-radius: 2px;
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  transition: all 0.15s;
}
.filter-bar button:hover { border-color: var(--brass); color: var(--ink); }
.filter-bar button.active { background: var(--midnight); border-color: var(--midnight); color: var(--paper); }

/* =========================================================
   FOOTER
   ========================================================= */
.footer {
  background: var(--midnight);
  color: var(--paper);
  padding: 3.5rem 0 2rem;
  margin-top: 4rem;
}
.footer .container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 2rem;
  padding-bottom: 2.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
}
.footer h4 {
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.25em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--brass);
  font-weight: 500;
  margin: 0 0 1rem;
}
.footer p, .footer li {
  font-family: var(--body);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--paper);
  opacity: 0.8;
  line-height: 1.55;
  margin: 0 0 0.6rem;
}
.footer ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.footer a { color: var(--paper); text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; }
.footer a:hover { border-bottom-color: var(--brass); }
.footer-brand {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  color: var(--paper);
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.footer-brand em { font-style: italic; color: var(--brass-light); }
.footer-legal {
  max-width: var(--page-max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 1.5rem var(--gutter) 0;
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--graphite-2);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .footer .container { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .footer .col-brand { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
}
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .footer .container { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* =========================================================
   UTILITY
   ========================================================= */
.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px; height: 1px;
  padding: 0; margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0,0,0,0);
  border: 0;
}
.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  top: -50px; left: 0;
  background: var(--brass);
  color: var(--midnight);
  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
  z-index: 100;
  font-family: var(--ui);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.skip-link:focus { top: 0; }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  * { animation-duration: 0.01ms !important; transition-duration: 0.01ms !important; scroll-behavior: auto !important; }
}